Meneliti Pengaruh Pandemi COVID-19 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pada Kasus Traumatis Ortopedi Panggul dan Ekstremitas Bawah: Tinjauan Sistematis dan Meta-analisis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31282/joti.v5n1.85Kata Kunci:
COVID-19, panggul dan ekstremitas bawah, trauma, pembedahanAbstrak
Latar Belakang: Pandemi coronavirus disease (COVID-19) 2019 berdampak signifikan pada praktik ortopedi traumatis sehari-hari. Studi terbaru melaporkan penurunan yang signifikan pada kasus ortopedi panggul traumatis dan ekstremitas bawah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak pandemi COVID-19 terhadap kasus traumatis ortopedi panggul dan ekstremitas bawah dan pembedahan dibandingkan dengan periode pra-pandemi.
Metode: Studi literatur sistematis dilakukan menggunakan PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Cochrane Library, yang diterbitkan hingga Januari 2022 mengikuti pedoman PRISMA. Kami melakukan studi kriteria kelayakan dan menilai kualitas menggunakan skala Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS). Hasil utama yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini adalah jumlah kasus rawat inap panggul dan ekstremitas bawah traumatis dan jumlah kasus bedah yang diukur sebagai risk ratio (RR) dengan confidence intervals 95% (CI). Heterogenitas dinilai menggunakan uji I2 dan dilakukan uji bias publikasi menggunakan uji Egger. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan Review Manager 5.4 dan STATA 17.
Hasil: Sebanyak 17 studi memenuhi kriteria inklusi untuk tinjauan sistematis dan meta-analisis. Analisis keseluruhan melaporkan perkiraan pengurangan 52,7% pada trauma panggul dan penerimaan ekstremitas bawah selama pandemi COVID-19, yang ditunjukkan oleh analisis gabungan kami (RR 0,89, 95% CI 0,82, 0,96, p=0,002). Sedangkan untuk kasus bedah tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan (RR 1,01, 95% CI 0,94, 1,08, p=0,80). Hasil tes Egger tidak menunjukkan bukti small-study effects (p=0,22).
Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pasien traumatis pada panggul dan ekstremitas bawah mengalami penurunan yang signifikan selama masa pandemi. Sementara itu, kasus bedah tidak terpengaruh secara signifikan.
Kata kunci: COVID-19; panggul dan ekstremitas bawah; trauma; pembedahan.
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